| Rhizoctonia solani | |
|---|---|
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| Damping off in tobacco plants caused by rhizoctonia solani (left and right) and Sclerotinia rot (middle) | |
| Scientific Classification | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Phylum: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Agaricomycetes |
| Order: | Cantharellales |
| Family: | Ceratobasidiaceae |
| Genus: | Rhizoctonia |
| Species: | Rhizoctonia solani |
| Synonyms | |
| Belly rot Moniliopsis aderholdii Ruhland 1908 |
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Rhizoctonia solani is a plant pathogenic fungus with a wide host range and worldwide distribution. It is one cause of the condition known as damping off, which is a cause of death of seedlings in agriculture. It is also responsible for black scurf and stem and stolon canker in potatoes and wire stem, a disease of cabbage, cauliflower and related plants that is similar to damping off but attacks older seedlings and produces a constricted, wiry stem. Also crown rot in carrots.
Symptoms[]
Causes brown, irregular cankers to develop on the lower stems, lesions can enlarge and girdle the stem. Injury is more common during warm weather.[1]
Treatment[]
Plants that are not severely damaged by rhizoctonia solani may recover in the field.
Chemical[]
Fumigation of plant beds will eradicate seedling pathogens, such as rhizoctonia solani; however, fumigated soil can become reinfested if pathogen-infested field soil is moved to fumigated areas. For cabbage and broccoli, quintozene fungicide can be used in the transplant water at a rate of 6-8 T/gal (3/4 pint/plant). This fungicide is not registered for use in turnips or kale.[2]
Prevention[]
Choose a fertile, well-drained site for the plant bed. Poor drainage favors seedling disease. Avoid excessive amounts of nitrogen fertilizer. Succulent plants are more susceptible to infection. Seed brassicas when the soil temperature reaches 21°C (69°F) and seed as shallowly as possible so that germination and emergence are rapid. Discard transplant seedlings that show symptoms of wire stem. Avoid banking or throwing soil up around plants during field cultivation. Harvest cabbage heads early. Cabbage leaves become more susceptible the longer they stand in the field.[2]
Examples[]
References[]
- ↑ (2003). "root rot/damping off". Clemson University - USDA Cooperative Extension Slide Series, Bugwood.org. Retrieved 2010-07-18.
- ↑ a b Hansen, M.A. (2009). "Wire Stem and Bottom Rot of Cabbage". Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, and Virginia State University. Retrieved 2010-07-18.
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